Spartanburg, SC

Milliken Research Park

10/16/2021

Race #1

WOMEN • 5 Kilometers (3.11 Miles)

Final Results

Team Scoring Summary

Final StandingsScoreScoring OrderTotal
1Furman351-2-8-10-141:31:24
2Col. of Charleston859-11-18-20-27(28)(73)1:35:55
3UNC-Asheville975-13-16-25-38(42)(49)1:36:44
4Wofford1217-19-24-34-37(56)(64)1:37:57
5Western Carolina1224-22-26-31-39(50)(54)1:37:49
6Queens (N.C.)1263-6-35-36-46(63)(82)1:37:26
7Washington and Lee16215-23-33-43-48(58)(62)1:39:47
8Mercer23121-44-47-53-66(72)(85)1:42:12
9Winthrop28317-52-57-65-92(98)1:45:20
10USC Upstate29640-41-68-69-78(79)1:44:43
11Columbia (S.C.)32632-60-70-77-87(96)(97)1:46:19
12Gardner-Webb32930-59-75-81-84(86)1:46:23
13South Carolina St.33212-55-80-90-951:49:01
14Bob Jones33951-67-71-74-76(83)(91)1:45:56
15Life36929-45-93-100-1021:57:22
16Johnson & Wales (N.C.)46161-94-99-103-104(107)2:04:18
17St. Augustine's48988-89-101-105-1062:08:35

Individual Results

AthleteYr.TeamScoreTimeAvg. Mile
1LITTLE, EmilyFRFurman117:28.75:37.2
2ROBERTSON, AbigailSOFurman217:44.05:42.1
3CARREIRA, CheriseFRQueens (N.C.)318:04.85:48.8
4MATTISON, KateJRWestern Carolina418:10.65:50.7
5WINCHESKI, ClaraJRUNC-Asheville518:26.05:55.6
6LAWRENCE, StevieSRQueens (N.C.)618:29.35:56.7
7ATKINS , AlexusFRWofford718:31.85:57.5
8BOWER, SierraFRFurman818:33.55:58.0
9AMBROSE, CateSRCol. of Charleston918:35.65:58.7
10DONNELLY, BethFRFurman1018:36.95:59.1
11CHERRY, KristenJRCol. of Charleston1118:41.36:00.5
12BANKS, JadaSOSouth Carolina St.1218:46.96:02.3
13APPLETON, IndiaJRUNC-Asheville1318:59.06:06.2
14WITTMAN, KylieFRFurman1419:00.46:06.7
15SCHIFFMAN, AveryJRWashington and Lee1519:06.16:08.5
16WINGEART, AubreyJRUnattached--19:16.76:11.9
17TYSIAC, AshleySOUNC-Asheville1619:18.26:12.4
18ESSELMAN, OliviaWinthrop1719:19.16:12.7
19BROWN, SophiaFRCol. of Charleston1819:19.56:12.8
20RIDGEWAY, Mary ClaireFRWofford1919:22.86:13.9
21PURVES, RhianSOCol. of Charleston2019:28.26:15.6
22DOSTER, LaneyFRMercer2119:29.76:16.1
23RUNYAN, SydneyFRWestern Carolina2219:32.36:16.9
24TODD, CarolynSOWashington and Lee2319:38.86:19.0
25SHEALY, CarolyneFRWofford2419:43.96:20.7
26EVANS, AlyxJRUNC-Asheville2519:44.16:20.7
27CALDWELL, AleseaFRWestern Carolina2619:46.56:21.5
28SUMMEY, MorganSOCol. of Charleston2719:49.76:22.5
29SMITH, ShannonFRCol. of Charleston2819:54.46:24.0
30WARD, TaylorSRLife2919:55.86:24.5
31PRUGH, AmyFRGardner-Webb3019:57.36:25.0
32KLEMM, SaraFRWestern Carolina3119:58.76:25.4
33HOLLIFIELD, MakaylaJRColumbia (S.C.)3219:59.16:25.6
34HAWK, ParkerSOWashington and Lee3320:04.86:27.4
35SPENCE , KatherineJRWofford3420:06.26:27.8
36WEBSTER, MadisonSOQueens (N.C.)3520:09.46:28.8
37JANKE, AnnaFRQueens (N.C.)3620:09.66:28.9
38ROBERTS , Morgan FRWofford3720:12.06:29.7
39PATTERSON, AshleighFRUNC-Asheville3820:16.86:31.2
40DUFFIELD, MadelynnFRWestern Carolina3920:20.36:32.4
41WILCHER , EliseSOUSC Upstate4020:21.56:32.8
42BAKER, AllisonFRUSC Upstate4120:21.96:32.9
43MCVAY, CoreyJRUNC-Asheville4220:23.36:33.3
44CLODGO, KristenFRWashington and Lee4320:24.16:33.6
45MCMAHON, Ashley JRMercer4420:25.86:34.1
46KIMMEL, KamrynJRLife4520:28.46:35.0
47MCFADDEN, CarlinFRQueens (N.C.)4620:32.66:36.3
48GIORGI, GiuliaSOMercer4720:33.06:36.5
49BARNES, KateSOWashington and Lee4820:33.36:36.5
50GIVEN, LeahFRUNC-Asheville4920:35.16:37.1
51BROMAN-FULKS, IsabelleFRWestern Carolina5020:35.86:37.3
52ALFERINK, SarahFRBob Jones5120:40.36:38.8
53JENKINS, Sidney Winthrop5220:41.56:39.2
54RODRIGUEZ, Annette FRMercer5320:43.16:39.7
55WAGNER, MadeleineFRWestern Carolina5420:45.06:40.3
56MEYERS, AshantiFRSouth Carolina St.5520:45.16:40.3
57GILBERT, Chloe FRWofford5620:45.56:40.5
58SIMMONS, MadelineWinthrop5720:49.06:41.6
59MOLINARO, EliseSOWashington and Lee5820:49.66:41.8
60MITCHELL, HannahJRGardner-Webb5920:49.76:41.8
61TREFTS, IzabelleFRColumbia (S.C.)6020:52.16:42.6
62ROMAN, YenilitzaSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)6120:53.66:43.1
63HOLLEN, SarahJRWashington and Lee6220:53.76:43.1
64WATTS, SarahFRQueens (N.C.)6320:55.86:43.8
65FOWLER, Ava FRWofford6420:56.06:43.8
66RUFF, Morgan Winthrop6520:57.26:44.2
67JACKSON, Penelope FRMercer6620:59.86:45.1
68KEENE , KimberFRWofford--20:59.96:45.1
69NICHOLS, MadelineJRUNC-Asheville--21:00.96:45.4
70HEINZ, LieslFRBob Jones6721:03.56:46.3
71FOSTER, Alanie JRUSC Upstate6821:09.36:48.1
72ALLEN, HeavenSOUSC Upstate6921:09.86:48.3
73HUGGINS, GabrielleJRColumbia (S.C.)7021:11.16:48.7
74SNYDER, MargaretJRBob Jones7121:13.46:49.4
75ROBERTSON, ReeseFRMercer7221:20.66:51.8
76MUEHLEMAN, IsabelSOCol. of Charleston7321:22.96:52.5
77LAIN, JoannaFRBob Jones7421:23.06:52.5
78KLEMM, MaggieSOWestern Carolina--21:23.16:52.6
79SYKES, CamileFRGardner-Webb7521:29.86:54.7
80FOX, NicoleSRBob Jones7621:35.56:56.5
81EKUNDAYO, EstherJRColumbia (S.C.)7721:38.76:57.6
82YARBOROUGH , Laura JRUSC Upstate7821:39.96:58.0
83KOELLNER, BrawnwynJRUSC Upstate7921:44.06:59.3
84HENDRICKSON , Emma GraceFRWofford--21:47.97:00.5
85JONES, MakylahFRSouth Carolina St.8021:52.77:02.1
86ESCALERA, JenniferSOGardner-Webb8121:53.97:02.5
87WIDMANN, ChloeFRQueens (N.C.)8221:54.17:02.5
88JONES, CourtneyFRBob Jones8321:57.97:03.8
89MCGREW, GraceSOCol. of Charleston--21:59.17:04.1
90ORBAN, AmandaFRUNC-Asheville--22:02.07:05.1
91MCDANIEL, ChloeFRGardner-Webb8422:11.87:08.2
92JOHNSON, WhitneySOMercer8522:31.27:14.5
93TRETTER, BrooklynFRGardner-Webb8622:31.87:14.7
94SUITTE, AlaynaFRWestern Carolina--22:34.17:15.4
95PRESTON, ElanaSOColumbia (S.C.)8722:37.47:16.4
96PALMQUIST, JoeyUNA-USC Upstate--22:39.87:17.2
97WELBORN, MicahJRPfeiffer--22:47.57:19.7
98JEPKOGEI, RuthSt. Augustine's8822:49.87:20.5
99JEPLETING, JoyceSt. Augustine's8922:50.97:20.8
100JONES, Makayla FRSouth Carolina St.9022:59.17:23.4
101HAST, JoyFRBob Jones9123:01.07:24.0
102FLYNN, LydiaSRBob Jones--23:01.27:24.1
103VOSS, KaitlynFRPfeiffer--23:27.17:32.4
104WEBER, Katie Winthrop9223:32.47:34.1
105ESCOBAR, Marie AnnJRLife9323:38.47:36.1
106CHAYKOWSKI-JEWETT, HaleyJRJohnson & Wales (N.C.)9423:52.47:40.6
107COLLEDGE, AbbySRBob Jones--24:11.67:46.8
108CATHEY, HannahJRBob Jones--24:14.97:47.8
109ZIMMERMAN, MackenziFRSouth Carolina St.9524:37.37:55.0
110HOWARD, AyanahSRColumbia (S.C.)9624:43.17:56.9
111WINN, ShelbySRColumbia (S.C.)9724:43.17:56.9
112WHALEY, KaitlynBob Jones--24:52.47:59.9
113BARNETTE, MeiRoseJRWinthrop9825:03.18:03.3
114PRICE, KatieSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)9925:29.88:11.9
115WILSON, MikaylaFRSpartanburg Methodist--25:41.18:15.5
116HEATH, JessieBob Jones--25:56.88:20.6
117HARMON, KaylaFRPfeiffer--26:16.18:26.8
118KELLY, TristaLife10026:31.68:31.8
119WEEKES, AshleySt. Augustine's10126:37.58:33.6
120SKEEN, AngelFRPfeiffer--26:42.48:35.2
121BURNER, HannahSOLife10226:47.48:36.8
122HANNA, AustraliaSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)10326:49.88:37.6
123LODGE, KayleighFRColumbia (S.C.)--27:09.28:43.9
124DELAUGHTER, KacieSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)10427:12.28:44.8
125DODDS, AnnaBob Jones--27:12.58:44.9
126LAIN, KaitlynBob Jones--27:12.98:45.0
127HEISER-WHATLEY, JessicaJRColumbia (S.C.)--27:20.78:47.6
128HOYTE, JariaSt. Augustine's10528:02.19:00.8
129KIKIVARSKIS, NiaSt. Augustine's10628:14.49:04.8
130GARDNER, HaliFRSpartanburg Methodist--29:02.69:20.3
131PRATT, ArianaJRColumbia (S.C.)--29:05.89:21.3
132SMITH, DylanFRJohnson & Wales (N.C.)10729:10.19:22.7
133HARDIN, BaillieFRSpartanburg Methodist--40:57.313:10.1
134CRAPPS, AllisonFRSpartanburg Methodist--41:55.313:28.8

Race #2

MEN • 8 Kilometers (4.97 Miles)

Final Results

Team Scoring Summary

Final StandingsScoreScoring OrderTotal
1Furman415-6-7-8-15(17)(23)2:10:48
2Mercer563-9-12-13-19(49)(56)2:11:26
3UNC-Asheville9710-16-20-22-29(37)(47)2:14:02
4USC Upstate132*18-25-26-31-32(38)(48)2:15:32
5Western Carolina132*14-21-28-34-35(57)(63)2:15:24
6Queens (N.C.)1351-11-36-43-44(45)(64)2:15:18
7Wofford1832-24-42-55-60(69)(72)2:17:40
8Col. of Charleston21627-33-51-52-53(67)(68)2:19:15
9Winthrop24639-40-46-59-62(66)(71)2:20:21
10Life2774-30-78-81-84(86)(89)2:26:20
11Bob Jones33650-65-70-74-77(83)(87)2:27:35
12Gardner-Webb38854-58-85-88-103(107)(109)2:36:24
13South Carolina St.41841-73-93-100-1112:48:25
14Pfeiffer43580-82-90-91-92(99)2:41:45
15Johnson & Wales (N.C.)43761-79-95-97-105(106)(110)2:43:38
16Spartanburg Methodist46575-94-96-98-102(108)2:47:42
17St. Augustine's50676-101-104-112-1133:14:22
*Tiebreakers
USC Upstate1825263132 3848
Western Carolina14212834355763
 

Individual Results

AthleteYr.TeamScoreTimeAvg. Mile
1BECKER, Jan LukasSOQueens (N.C.)125:35.25:08.9
2CLASSEY, BeckJRWofford225:41.95:10.2
3ZANDER-VELLOSO, Vladimir JRMercer325:41.95:10.2
4WRIGHT-FISHER, ZacSRLife425:43.55:10.6
5GOLDSTEIN, NicholasFRFurman525:55.25:12.9
6WILFONG, FosterFRFurman625:59.45:13.8
7BEUCLER, AdamSOFurman726:06.05:15.1
8ROBERTS, MacSOFurman826:11.65:16.2
9KRAVER, JoshuaFRMercer926:12.95:16.5
10HESSLER, AdamFRUNC-Asheville1026:16.35:17.2
11KEOGH, EricFRQueens (N.C.)1126:20.15:17.9
12KAUFMAN, Connor SRMercer1226:20.25:17.9
13CATO, ReeceFRMercer1326:24.65:18.8
14HAYES, JustinFRWestern Carolina1426:31.55:20.2
15SEEBER, BenjaminSOFurman1526:35.35:21.0
16HOPKINS, DanielFRUNC-Asheville1626:42.45:22.4
17POWERS, JoshSOFurman1726:44.65:22.8
18JOHNSON, JonathanSRUSC Upstate1826:45.15:22.9
19GREENE, Jonathan FRMercer1926:45.95:23.1
20CIPRICH, JohnSOUNC-Asheville2026:50.45:24.0
21ZINK, DrewFRWestern Carolina2126:55.25:25.0
22OKON, AndrewFRUNC-Asheville2226:57.95:25.5
23EPSTEIN, NickSOFurman2327:00.05:25.9
24HENDRY, JoshJRWofford2427:02.85:26.5
25TARDELLA, MichaelSRUSC Upstate2527:03.95:26.7
26PATETE, Logan FRUSC Upstate2627:05.25:27.0
27WEDGE, JacksonJRCol. of Charleston2727:06.95:27.3
28ELWELL, JalenSOWestern Carolina2827:13.15:28.6
29NEWSOME, BrockSOUNC-Asheville2927:14.85:28.9
30COLON, ChristianJRLife3027:17.95:29.5
31LOY, JonathanSRUSC Upstate3127:17.95:29.6
32KEKLAK, JaredJRUSC Upstate3227:19.65:29.9
33REID, JacksonFRCol. of Charleston3327:20.05:30.0
34MCHUGH, JordanFRWestern Carolina3427:21.25:30.2
35SUMMERS, ClayFRWestern Carolina3527:22.65:30.5
36BURR, CaseyFRFurman--27:25.85:31.1
37LIBERSE, RemiFRQueens (N.C.)3627:28.95:31.8
38JACQUEZ, QuinnFRUNC-Asheville3727:30.95:32.2
39AKERHIELM, NathanUnattached--27:31.45:32.3
40DOS SANTOS, NigelJRUSC Upstate3827:32.25:32.4
41MACE, BrysonFRWinthrop3927:32.95:32.6
42SPENCER, AustinWinthrop4027:36.45:33.3
43COCCIA, JacobUpstate Alumni--27:38.75:33.7
44FELTON, TreySOSouth Carolina St.4127:48.55:35.7
45EUBANKS, GriffinUpstate Alumni--27:52.25:36.5
46ARCHIE , CarsonFRWofford4227:52.65:36.5
47SANCHEZ, ErickJRQueens (N.C.)4327:56.75:37.4
48WRIGHT, AdamSRQueens (N.C.)4427:56.95:37.4
49COX, MitchFRQueens (N.C.)4527:57.15:37.4
50HINDS, DarenFRWinthrop4628:00.45:38.1
51VARGAS, EthanFRUnattached--28:01.35:38.3
52EDWARDS, NathanielSOUNC-Asheville4728:03.85:38.8
53SEXTON, CarterSOUSC Upstate4828:05.75:39.2
54HOEFLER, MichaelFRUNC-Asheville--28:06.55:39.3
55DONGARI, ChinmayFRMercer4928:12.65:40.6
56SHAFER, SolSOBob Jones5028:12.75:40.6
57TATE, SpencerFRFurman--28:12.95:40.6
58MCTIGUE, DylanFRCol. of Charleston5128:14.05:40.8
59MOOSBRUGGER, RyanJRCol. of Charleston5228:16.25:41.3
60BLAIR, HammerFRCol. of Charleston5328:17.65:41.6
61BAYNE , CalebFRUSC Upstate--28:19.45:41.9
62SASTRE, PatrickSRGardner-Webb5428:19.95:42.0
63MOODY , JackJRWofford5528:22.95:42.6
64ZELL, RobertJRMercer5628:23.55:42.7
65KISER, NicholasFRWestern Carolina5728:24.85:43.0
66COCCIA, JaredUpstate Alumni--28:25.75:43.2
67RYAN, MoritaFRGardner-Webb5828:28.55:43.7
68BROOKS, MarvinWinthrop5928:29.05:43.8
69MAJOR, DylanFRUNC-Asheville--28:29.55:44.0
70MARTINEZ, ErickUnattached--28:34.55:45.0
71STATON, DerekSOUSC Upstate--28:35.95:45.2
72HAINES, AlexSOUNC-Asheville--28:36.95:45.4
73DEGIRMENEI , DemirSOWofford6028:39.45:45.9
74BARNES, StevensonSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)6128:41.05:46.3
75BOYD, JeremiahWinthrop6228:42.35:46.5
76DAVIS, JohnFRWestern Carolina6328:45.05:47.1
77ROBERTS, SamFRQueens (N.C.)6428:45.95:47.3
78SOTELO, LanceSOQueens (N.C.)--28:46.55:47.4
79GERMANN, TomSOUNC-Asheville--28:48.35:47.7
80STONE, DouglasJRBob Jones6528:49.45:47.9
81MITCHELL, WillFRWestern Carolina--28:51.15:48.3
82HERRON, Gabe FRUSC Upstate--28:51.55:48.4
83LEZOTTE, WalkerSOUNC-Asheville--28:56.15:49.3
84HAGER, JustinSOFurman--28:58.05:49.7
85WEISDORFER, Nolan FRWinthrop6629:04.15:50.9
86RIENZO, NicholasJRCol. of Charleston6729:05.25:51.1
87FRENCH, Chris JRMercer--29:08.75:51.8
88EDNEY, AndrewSOWestern Carolina--29:20.65:54.2
89TIMMERMAN, PatrickFRColumbia (S.C.)--29:25.75:55.3
90STANCIL, MackUNA-USC Upstate--29:26.55:55.4
91DAVIS, Lucas FRCol. of Charleston6829:34.85:57.1
92O'MALLEY , RyanJRWofford6929:40.95:58.3
93STEURER, MichaelJRBob Jones7029:44.75:59.1
94DAVIS, MaxWinthrop7129:47.25:59.6
95RODRIGUEZ, Sebasthian FRMercer--29:50.06:00.2
96STECHER, HenryFRWestern Carolina--29:54.46:01.0
97WALDREP, HenryWinthrop--29:55.16:01.2
98BRYTCHA, JiriSOQueens (N.C.)--30:03.86:02.9
99DALY, Patrick FRWofford7230:05.26:03.2
100LATIMER, AndrewFRSouth Carolina St.7330:11.46:04.4
101JOHNSON, MarcFRBob Jones7430:13.86:04.9
102GOSSETT, CameronFRSpartanburg Methodist7530:16.96:05.6
103EDWARD JR., RobertSt. Augustine's7630:25.66:07.3
104GRASSMID, JosephSOBob Jones7730:34.16:09.0
105HERNANDEZ-SANTOS, OmarFRLife7830:42.96:10.8
106FRASIER, Darren Winthrop--30:49.36:12.1
107BRADISH, GarrettSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)7930:52.76:12.8
108CLEVELAND, GabrielUnattached--30:55.96:13.4
109RIVERS, TrentSOPfeiffer8030:59.96:14.2
110FIGUEROA, ChristianJRLife8131:02.76:14.8
111SCHUMACHER, CalinUpstate Alumni--31:07.76:15.8
112ROWE, BrandonFRPfeiffer8231:21.06:18.5
113COX, JeremiahFRBob Jones8331:23.56:19.0
114MCNABB, Daniel JRLife8431:33.26:20.9
115BENTLEY, EthanFRGardner-Webb8531:36.16:21.5
116MCGLAMERY, QuinLife8631:43.36:23.0
117KEIFER, JoshuaFRCol. of Charleston--32:00.16:26.3
118SARVER, AndrewFRBob Jones8732:08.76:28.1
119STAPLETON, JoshuaJRWestern Carolina--32:29.46:32.2
120CLONIGER, MatthewSOGardner-Webb8832:39.76:34.3
121MIMS, DarrellFRLife8932:40.46:34.4
122HANRAHAN, JacksonSRPfeiffer9032:40.96:34.5
123ROBBINS, RobertFRColumbia (S.C.)--32:45.56:35.5
124LEON, EduardoSOQueens (N.C.)--32:46.06:35.6
125CORDES, SethSOBob Jones--33:03.96:39.2
126IVORY, JeremiahFRPfeiffer9133:17.66:41.9
127HEYING, RyanJRBob Jones--33:22.06:42.8
128BROWN, DylanSRPfeiffer9233:25.86:43.6
129ELLISON, CodyUpstate Alumni--33:26.36:43.7
130STEURER, GabrielFRBob Jones--33:43.16:47.1
131LANE, Jake Winthrop--33:45.16:47.5
132THORNTON, Matron FRSouth Carolina St.9333:50.16:48.5
133LABRA, AndrewFRSpartanburg Methodist9433:54.46:49.3
134HILDRETH, CalebSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)9533:57.46:49.9
135MARTINEZ, AlejandroFRSpartanburg Methodist9634:06.06:51.7
136SEBASTIAN-HUGHLEY, MychaiSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)9734:11.36:52.7
137MIXTEGA, MarcFRSpartanburg Methodist9834:14.46:53.3
138REYNOLDS , CooperFRWofford--34:28.26:56.1
139HUGGINS, ColemanFRPfeiffer9934:37.56:58.0
140MARROW, MartinUpstate Alumni--34:43.36:59.2
141MACK, MiguelFRSouth Carolina St.10035:08.17:04.2
142KALAWAN, SeanSt. Augustine's10135:09.97:04.5
143WHEAT, AaronFRSpartanburg Methodist10235:10.07:04.5
144JOHNSON, MattUpstate Alumni--35:16.27:05.8
145ANKROM, GarryFRGardner-Webb10335:19.37:06.4
146ROZIEN, IsaiahSt. Augustine's10435:52.17:13.0
147THOMAS, CameronUnattached--35:53.37:13.2
148PASQUARELLO, NateSRJohnson & Wales (N.C.)10535:55.67:13.7
149DAVERSA, JoeyUpstate Alumni--35:57.97:14.2
150RAMIREZ, JoeSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)10636:07.27:16.0
151MARK, MellonFRGardner-Webb10736:28.57:20.3
152RENNIX, MarkUpstate Alumni--36:42.17:23.1
153PRICE, ChristopherFRSpartanburg Methodist10837:26.17:31.9
154RAY, Cole SOGardner-Webb10938:24.57:43.7
155BONDS, AustinFRColumbia (S.C.)--39:14.87:53.8
156SHAPIRO, HunterSOJohnson & Wales (N.C.)11040:20.78:07.0
157LUCAS, Shawn FRNortheastern Technical College--40:50.08:13.0
158DENNISON, DaveyUnattached--41:17.38:18.4
159SMUCKER, AaronFRJohnson & Wales (N.C.)--41:21.28:19.2
160LYNCH, MarquisJRSouth Carolina St.11141:26.98:20.4
161LOVE, AlexUpstate Alumni--41:58.48:26.7
162ROPER, KadsinSt. Augustine's11245:52.19:13.7
163CHERUIYOT, BethweiSt. Augustine's11347:02.09:27.8